A Most babies are cyanosed at birth.

[Feedback :- Most babies are cyanosed at birth and it can take up to 10 minutes before oxygen saturations are greater than 90%.]

B Fetal blood oxygen levels can be 4–6 kPa (30–45 mmHg) without causing brain damage.

[Feedback :- This is a normal level for fetal oxygen concentration. Fetal haemoglobin concentration is higher and the fetal haemoglobin dissociation curve is different from that of the adult, allowing the fetus to cope with a lower PO₂ than the adult. The fetal circulation is designed so that the most oxygenated blood is delivered almost directly to the fetal brain.]

C The fetal brain can use alternative fuels such as ketones if the supply of glucose is interrupted.

[Feedback :- The brain can use alternative metabolites such as ketones.]

D If cord blood is collected, the umbilical arterial pH will be the same or higher than the umbilical vein pH.

This is the Correct Answer

[Feedback :- The umbilical artery caries used blood away from the fetus, and so the pH can never be higher than in the vein.]

E When the uterus contracts, blood flow through the uterine artery is interrupted.

[Feedback :- Blood flow CAN be interrupted with uterine contractions – this is why hyperstimulation of the uterus with syntocinon can be dangerous to the fetus.]