A Deformations are typically due to an insult in the first trimester whereas malformations occur due to insults in the second or third trimester.
B Congenital anomaly registers allow researchers to identify clusters of abnormality and may allow earlier identification of a teratogenic source.
C Deformities of the skull bones are extremely rare and need urgent neurosurgical referral.
D An abnormal uterus or breech position does not cause limb abnormalities to occur.
E Talipes equinovarus responds best to early corrective surgery by an orthopaedic surgeon.